使用parted命令，对2T大小以上的硬盘进行分区操作
参考资料：
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_35590198/article/details/81356637
环境需求：当前已有硬盘24TB大小，需要划分为6个分区，每个4TB，当我使用fdisk命令时，最大仅可操作2TB的大小进行分区，经过查询得知，2T以上大小不能使用fdisk命令进行磁盘分区操作。这需要使用parted命令。
经过查询相关资料总结命令使用如下：
#先查看磁盘情况
[root@xz-ddd-hadoop1 ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 931G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 476M 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 930.5G 0 part
├─centos-root 253:0 0 531.9G 0 lvm /
├─centos-swap 253:1 0 119.2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
└─centos-var 253:2 0 279.4G 0 lvm /var
sdb 8:16 0 21.8T 0 disk
#使用命令准备开始分区操作
[root@xz-ddd-hadoop1 ~]# parted /dev/sdb
GNU Parted 3.1
Using /dev/sdb
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
#输入p查看当前已有分区。
(parted) p
Model: LSI RAID 5/6 SAS 6G (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 24.0TB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
#输入mkpart新建分区。
(parted) mkpart
#定义磁盘名称。
Partition name? []? sdb1
#定义文件格式。
File system type? [ext2]? ext4
#磁盘开始位置以及结束位置（注意，下一个分区的开始位置必须使用这里的结束位置为开始。）
Start? 1
End? 4TB
#查看分区效果。
(parted) P
Model: LSI RAID 5/6 SAS 6G (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 24.0TB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Name Flags
1 1049kB 4000GB 4000GB ext3 sdb1
。。。。
#注意，这里略过一个错误的操作！
。。。。
(parted) mkpart
Partition name? []? sdb2
File system type? [ext2]? ext4
Start? 4TB
End? 8TB
#查询分区发现出现相同名称的分区，所以我们需要把它删除掉。
(parted) P
Model: LSI RAID 5/6 SAS 6G (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 24.0TB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Name Flags
2 1048kB 1049kB 512B sdb2
1 1049kB 4000GB 4000GB ext3 sdb1
3 4000GB 8000GB 4000GB ext3 sdb2
#使用RM命令删除，输入Number。
(parted) RM 2
#查看删除效果，成果。
(parted) P
Model: LSI RAID 5/6 SAS 6G (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 24.0TB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Name Flags
1 1049kB 4000GB 4000GB ext3 sdb1
3 4000GB 8000GB 4000GB ext3 sdb2
#继续新建分区。
(parted) mkpart
Partition name? []? sdb3
File system type? [ext2]? ext4
Start? 8TB
End? 12TB
(parted) p
Model: LSI RAID 5/6 SAS 6G (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 24.0TB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Name Flags
1 1049kB 4000GB 4000GB ext3 sdb1
3 4000GB 8000GB 4000GB ext3 sdb2
2 8000GB 12.0TB 4000GB ext3 sdb3
(parted) mkpart
Partition name? []? sdb4
File system type? [ext2]? ext4
Start? 12TB
End? 16TB
(parted) P
Model: LSI RAID 5/6 SAS 6G (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 24.0TB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Name Flags
1 1049kB 4000GB 4000GB ext3 sdb1
3 4000GB 8000GB 4000GB ext3 sdb2
2 8000GB 12.0TB 4000GB ext3 sdb3
4 12.0TB 16.0TB 4000GB ext3 sdb4
(parted) mkpaRT
Partition name? []? sdb5
File system type? [ext2]? ext4
Start? 16TB
End? 20TB
(parted) P
Model: LSI RAID 5/6 SAS 6G (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 24.0TB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Name Flags
1 1049kB 4000GB 4000GB ext3 sdb1
3 4000GB 8000GB 4000GB ext3 sdb2
2 8000GB 12.0TB 4000GB ext3 sdb3
4 12.0TB 16.0TB 4000GB ext3 sdb4
5 16.0TB 20.0TB 4000GB ext3 sdb5
(parted) mkpart
Partition name? []? sdb6
File system type? [ext2]? ext4
Start? 20TB
End? 24TB
(parted) p
Model: LSI RAID 5/6 SAS 6G (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 24.0TB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Name Flags
1 1049kB 4000GB 4000GB ext3 sdb1
3 4000GB 8000GB 4000GB ext3 sdb2
2 8000GB 12.0TB 4000GB ext3 sdb3
4 12.0TB 16.0TB 4000GB ext3 sdb4
5 16.0TB 20.0TB 4000GB ext3 sdb5
6 20.0TB 24.0TB 4001GB ext3 sdb6
#保存分区修改。
(parted) q
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
#分区全部新建完成后查看当前磁盘分区状况。
[root@xz-ddd-hadoop1 ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 931G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 476M 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 930.5G 0 part
├─centos-root 253:0 0 531.9G 0 lvm /
├─centos-swap 253:1 0 119.2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
└─centos-var 253:2 0 279.4G 0 lvm /var
sdb 8:16 0 21.8T 0 disk
├─sdb1 8:17 0 3.7T 0 part
├─sdb2 8:18 0 3.7T 0 part
├─sdb3 8:19 0 3.7T 0 part
├─sdb4 8:20 0 3.7T 0 part
├─sdb5 8:21 0 3.7T 0 part
└─sdb6 8:22 0 3.7T 0 part
#使用mkfs重新格式化分区。
[root@xz-ddd-hadoop1 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1
[root@xz-ddd-hadoop1 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb2
[root@xz-ddd-hadoop1 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb3
[root@xz-ddd-hadoop1 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb4
[root@xz-ddd-hadoop1 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb5
[root@xz-ddd-hadoop1 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb6
#编写文件，添加开机自动挂载。
mkdir /data{1..6}
vim /etc/fstab
/dev/sdb1 /data1 ext4 defaults 0 0
/dev/sdb2 /data2 ext4 defaults 0 0
/dev/sdb3 /data3 ext4 defaults 0 0
/dev/sdb4 /data4 ext4 defaults 0 0
/dev/sdb5 /data5 ext4 defaults 0 0
/dev/sdb6 /data6 ext4 defaults 0 0
mount -a
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